Brown's gas

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Brown's gas (named for its inventor, Yull Brown, a Bulgarian-American inventor) is a mixture of oxygen and hydrogen produced by electrolyzing water.

It is claimed to have different properties than a normal mixture of oxygen and hydrogen and also that its production by a special electrolysis apparatus needs less energy than can be gained from burning it, making it a building block of a perpetual motion machine. These claims are in contradiction to common laws of physics. This gas should be distinguished from electrolyzing water when the oxygen and hydrogen, which appear one at each electrode, are led away separately and only meet again at e.g. the nozzle of an an oxyhydrogen torch.

Claims
It is alleged that:-
 * It is viable as a carbon fuel enhancer.
 * It is viable as a torch fuel.
 * It produces an effect similar to the oxyhydrogen flame but with unusual properties.
 * Its BTU output is low when burned in midair, but when applied to various materials it induces substantial temperatures.
 * Under certain circumstances it implodes rather than explodes when ignited.
 * The volume of gas produced is not in accordance with the volume associated with diatomic oxygen and hydrogen gases.

Theories
Yull Brown purported that Brown's Gas contains 36 isomers and allotropes of hydrogen and oxygen atoms; this notion has given rise to many theories to attempt explanation of its extraordinary properties.

The most popular theory presented to explain these properties is that Brown's gas contains monatomic hydrogen and oxygen in significant proportions. In particular, monatomic hydrogen and oxygen would burn with a hotter flame because the monatomic form has more energy than the normal diatomic form and this extra energy would be released as heat. There are different explanations for how the monatomic gasses can exist at normal pressure instead of immediately combining (there is no activation energy because there are no bonds to be broken), none of which is fully satisfactory.

An alternative theory proposes that Brown's gas is really a hitherto unknown high-energy gaseous form of water, called "electrically expanded water".

Criticism
Skeptics point out that there is no solid evidence for any of these unusual properties, and suggest that all these observations of unusual properties are bad science. This mixture of oxygen and hydrogen would be dangerously explosive.